Common compounds of oxygen family elements-sulfuryl chloride
Release time:
2023-11-16
Sulfuryl chloride (also known as sulfonyl chloride) is a compound formed after the two-OH groups of sulfuric acid are replaced by chlorine. The molecular formula is SO2Cl2. It is a colorless liquid with a strong pungent smell. It emits smoke in humid air and has a boiling point of 69.1 ℃. It is used as a chlorination reagent in organic chemistry, which can convert the C- H bonds of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and aromatic compounds into C- Cl bonds, and convert alcohols into chlorinated hydrocarbons. The reaction is initiated by azobisisobutyronitrile and is a free radical mechanism known as chlorosulfonation. Sulfuryl chloride is also used in the preparation of drugs and dyes.
The thionyl chloride molecule is a distorted tetrahedral structure, the sulfur is in the 6 oxidation state, and the S-O bond contains a certain double bond component. Sulfur dioxide is combined with chlorine gas in the presence of a catalyst such as activated carbon, ferric chloride or camphor to produce sulfuryl chloride, which is purified by distillation. Reaction formula: SO2 Cl2 → SO2Cl2. Heating with chlorosulfonic acid also gives sulfuryl chloride: 2ClSO3H → SO2Cl2 H2SO4.
Sulfuryl chloride is easily hydrolyzed to form hydrogen chloride (hydrochloric acid) and sulfuric acid: 2H2O SO2Cl2 → 2 HCl H2SO4
Sulfuryl chloride begins to decompose above 100°C to give sulfur dioxide and chlorine gas, which turns the reagent yellow. Decomposition also occurs during long-term placement.
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